Nincada in depth
A cicada halfway out
The design is a cicada nymph, the stage the insect spends underground sucking sap from roots before climbing a trunk and splitting its shell open. Real cicadas stay underground for years depending on the species, and the game's entries repeat the figure of more than ten. That's where the Ground typing comes from, which isn't obvious in a bug until you know what kind of bug it is.
The English name combines ninja with cicada. The Japanese name, ツチニン, does the same with 土 (tsuchi, earth) and the ニン syllable from ninja. And the joke carries upwards: Ninjask is the adult cicada, with the speed and wings to match, while Shedinja is the exuvia, the empty shell left clinging to bark in the wild. The whole line is a skin moult told in three colours.
The empty slot and the Ball
The mechanism that makes it famous isn't in the Pokémon; it's in the menu. The evolution checks the party: if there is an empty slot, it generates a second Pokémon from the body Nincada has just left behind. Ruby, Sapphire, and Emerald only required that. From Generation IV onwards, a Poké Ball was added as well, and it is consumed; in most games, it has to be an ordinary Poké Ball, not a Great Ball or any other variant.
The practical consequence is that a huge number of people have evolved their Nincada with a full party and never found out what they were missing. Shedinja makes the hassle worthwhile: it has barely any HP, but its Ability means that only super-effective hits can damage it, and against an opponent without the right coverage it is untouchable. The game doesn't announce the result anywhere.
The levels it never lives through
There is a detail you notice when looking at the level-up move list: it continues well beyond the point where it stops existing. Absorb at 21, Metal Claw at 25, Fury Swipes at 30, Mind Reader at 35, Dig at 40. Since it evolves at 20, a Nincada only reaches those moves if its Trainer manually cancels the evolution, level after level, for twenty levels. The reward for that stubbornness is Fury Swipes and Dig powered by 45 Attack, which is exactly as little as it sounds.
Compared with Wurmple, the other Hoenn bug with an evolution split into two branches, the contrast is clean: there, the split depends on a hidden value and the player has no say; here, it depends on two things visible in the menu. It's also worth looking at the effort yield: 1 Defense point, fitting for that armoured creature that spends its life pushing through earth. None of that makes Nincada a good Pokémon. The interesting part is the process, and the process lasts until level 20.