Arcanine in depth
From temple guardian to ordinary dog
The design doesn't come from a European dog, but from the shisa of Ryūkyū and the komainu that guard the entrances to Japanese shrines: stone figures with lion-like bodies, thick manes, and an expression that looks ready to bark. That's where the beige mane around its neck, the striped fur, and the fixed stance come from. It's why the category says Legendary: it isn't a promise of power, but a description of where the model came from.
The English name is a combination of arcane and canine, mystery and dog. The Japanese name, ウインディ, is read as “Windie” and points to the wind, which is the other half of the character: the Pokédex doesn't talk about strength, but about kilometres.
The move that used to be its own
Extreme Speed appeared in Generation II and, for a while, nobody else had it. It's an 80-power priority move, far stronger than Quick Attack or Mach Punch were at the time, and it is still the card that defines this species twenty-five years later. In the current entry it is listed at level 0, meaning it has it as soon as the evolution is complete.
That detail explains the rest of its sheet. Since Growlithe barely learns anything by levelling up after the change, a player has two options: evolve early and rely on TMs from the start, or wait for the little one to learn its moves and evolve once the list is complete. The second is what story players recommend, although it means dragging around worse stats for twenty or thirty levels.
Against its neighbours
Against the other major Fire-types from the first generation, its strength is the distribution. Rapidash is faster and hits less hard; Ninetales is sturdier and is useful for manipulating the weather. Arcanine is the only one of the three to combine priority, a 120-power physical move, and an ability that cripples opposing physical attackers before they can hit it.
The awkward comparison is something else. Entei, Johto's Fire-type legendary, shares its silhouette, type, and role as a four-legged mythological beast, and has carried the reputation ever since of being an expensive version of something that already existed and could be obtained with a stone.
Hisuian Arcanine
The Hisuian variant adds the Rock type to Fire and changes the appearance completely: stony grey fur, horns, and a heavier silhouette. This species' form register includes both of them, the original and the Hisuian one, and they never cross paths competitively: Hisuian Arcanine fights in higher tiers while the original stays down below.