Dugtrio in depth
A joke that also works in Japanese
The name has no hidden meaning: ダグトリオ is built from the same two English words as the Western version, dug (the past tense of “dig”) and trio. It is one of the few cases where Japan imported the pun instead of exporting it, and also one of the few that can be understood at a glance without knowing a single word of Japanese.
The design is just as literal. They are three Diglett with the same brown heads, the same black eyes and the same pink noses, arranged in a triangle. The joke lies in what is not drawn: the games have refused to show what is underneath since 1996, turning that blank space into the feature it is remembered for.
The generation when it stopped being harmless
It had 80 Attack for six generations. In the seventh, that was raised to 100, and its total went from 405 to 425. It was the boost it had been missing: with Arena Trap it could already catch an opponent, but it struggled to finish them before they could answer. After the increase, it started taking out in one hit things that had previously survived, and the format suffered enough for the ability to end up banned.
There is another historical detail that has faded over time. In Generation II, it and Diglett were the only two Pokémon able to learn Fissure. The move is still in the list, at level 54, and it is still what it always was: it either faints the target in one hit or misses, with no middle ground and the odds always against it.
The Alolan one wears steel hair
The regional form changes its typing to Ground and Steel and styles its hair into three golden locks that, according to its description, are fine, heavy metal filaments. Along with them comes an exclusive ability that lowers the Speed of anything that hits it with a contact move, something the Kanto version does not come close to having. Adding Steel completely changes its resistance chart, although it also introduces weaknesses to Fire, Water, Fighting and Ground.
Among excavators of the same type, the natural comparison is Excadrill: more HP, more Attack, more bulk and an ability that doubles its Speed in a sandstorm. Dugtrio wins none of those categories. What it has is the trap, and without it there is not much left to argue about.
How to use it without it falling apart
The practical rule is never to send it in to take a hit. Bring it in after one of your Pokémon has gone down, choose a target and attack. It can take a neutral hit if you are lucky, and none from Water, Grass or Ice. Substitute and Protect appear in its TM list because they are the only way to buy it a safe turn, and Stealth Rock is there for teams that would rather its turn on the field leave something behind instead of just one attack.
In Kanto's Diglett's Cave, it has been used for decades as an experience farm: constant encounters, a base Exp. yield of 149 and a trio of heads that rarely survives a well-chosen attack. It is still the place where most people have run into one.