Ekans in depth
A name that reads backwards
The joke is one of the first the series ever made, and one of the simplest: Ekans is snake written from right to left, while Arbok does the same with kobra. Japanese plays the same game with other words. アーボ is «boa» backwards, and アーボック reverses the Japanese word for cobra. Four names, one mechanism, and no other Kanto line repeats it so literally.
The design does its own thing regardless of the name. The silhouette, the yellow neck band, and the rattle on its tail point to a mix of cobra and rattlesnake, not a boa, and the purple does not match any real snake: it is simply the colour the series uses for the Poison type.
The problem is in the movepool
This is where it becomes clear why Ekans is hard to use. Its Attack (60) is higher than its Special Attack (40), but almost everything it learns from its own type is special: Acid at level 20, Acid Spray at 28, and Sludge Bomb at 33. The only Poison-type physical move that really hits hard, Gunk Shot, arrives at level 49 — twenty-seven levels after it should have evolved. Until then, the best attack in its movepool is Bite, learned at 9, which is not even its own type.
There are some oddities along the way. At level 25, it learns Stockpile, Spit Up, and Swallow all at once, a package that almost no strategy uses. At 38, it learns Belch, with 120 power, which only works if the Pokémon has already eaten a Berry — and its Hidden Ability, Unnerve, exists specifically to stop the opponent from eating Berries. Haze arrives at 41, an Ice-type move that does practically nothing in single battles.
If you are breeding one for play, the useful list comes down to three entries: Coil, Gunk Shot, and Earthquake by TM. Everything else is filler.
Red, yes; Blue, no
In Generation I, it was spread across much of Kanto's routes, but only in the Red version. Anyone playing Blue found Sandshrew in those same places and had to trade with someone to complete the Pokédex entry. The split was repeated exactly in FireRed and LeafGreen, which is why many players of the time never saw one in their own game.
The TV show did the rest. Jessie's Ekans accompanied Team Rocket from the earliest episodes and evolved into Arbok on screen, giving it far more cultural presence than its stat sheet would justify.
As a pure Poison-type snake, it has a direct competitor in Seviper, from Generation III, which does not evolve and concentrates a much more aggressive offensive spread into a single stage. The comparison favours Seviper in almost every respect, except that Intimidate remains a rare ability and Seviper does not have it.