Meowth in depth
The cat that calls on fortune
The starting point for the design is the maneki-neko, the cat figurine with one paw raised that is placed at the entrance of Japanese shops to attract customers and money. Everything else comes from there: the gold coin set into its forehead is a koban, the piece the figurines hold between their paws, and its fixation with shiny objects is the myth translated into animal behavior. Junichi Masuda has also said that the design was partly inspired by the cat Satoshi Tajiri had.
The Japanese name, ニャース (Nyāsu), is the onomatopoeia for a meow, “nyā”, with no embellishment. English does the same thing with “meow”. It’s one of the few cases where both languages arrived at the name by the same route and nothing had to be invented for the Western market.
Coins turned into rules
The creature’s greed didn’t stay in the Pokédex text: it’s the only thing two generations of designers have tried to turn into a mechanic. Pay Day, learned at level 12, scatters coins during battle and they’re collected afterwards; with 40 power, it isn’t worth using as an attack, but it’s the only way for a battle to provide extra money. Pickup does the passive version of the same thing, appearing with items nobody gave it. And wild specimens carry Nuggets, which exist solely to be sold.
Gigantamax closes the loop with an exclusive move that throws gold at the opponent. None of the three things changes a competitive battle; all three fit together, which in a series with a thousand species doesn’t always happen.
The same cat in three regions
In Alola, it became a Dark type. The in-game explanation is that it arrived as a gift for royalty, and palace life made it conceited and calculating, a change in character reflected in its evolution. In Galar, centuries of living alongside a seafaring people hardened its body until it became a Steel type, and instead of ending in Persian, it developed its own branch that ends in Perrserker. Three regions, three versions of the same animal, and in each one a different trait is brought to the fore: greed, arrogance, resilience.
Compared with the felines that came later, it comes off badly in almost everything except Speed. Purrloin repeats the role of the thief cat from Generation V onwards, and since then the template has been reused region after region. What none of them has is the origin: a forty-centimeter lucky-cat figurine with retractable claws.
The one that talks
The one from the television series is a separate case. Team Rocket’s Meowth learned to speak human language and walk on two legs, something that never happens in the games and that the anime itself justifies as a forced and painful learning process. It’s one of the very few Pokémon with its own voice in the series, and that has led many people to think of it as a character before a species. The entry above, with its 35 Defense and maximum catch rate, describes a considerably less important creature.