Raichu in depth
A raijū with a mouse's name
ライチュウ combines 雷 (rai, “thunder”) with チュウ (chū), which in Japanese is the sound a mouse makes, the equivalent of our “squeak, squeak”. It's the same formula as Pikachu, where the first element is the spark rather than the lightning bolt. The name wasn't translated in any region: Japanese, English, French, German and Spanish all spell it the same way, something quite unusual in the first generation. The design was created by Atsuko Nishida, and the resemblance to the raijū doesn't seem accidental: that creature from folklore also took the form of a small mammal and also left scorch marks wherever it landed.
The detail most people overlook is the colour. Pichu and Pikachu are yellow; here the fur is orange tending towards brown, with a light belly and dark markings on the ears. The tail stops being a thick lightning bolt and becomes a thin cable tipped with a lightning bolt, which is exactly the part it drives into the ground to discharge itself.
Ten Speed points and two more stones
For five generations, its Speed was ten points lower than it is today. The increase came in the sixth and brought the total up to the current 485, a small adjustment that nevertheless put it above several rivals that used to beat it to the punch by razor-thin margins.
The seventh generation gave it a regional variant. Alolan Raichu is Electric and Psychic, evolves when Pikachu from that region is exposed to a Thunder Stone, has rounder features and blue eyes, and uses its tail as a surfboard by relying on psychic powers. It was also the only Pokémon capable of using its own exclusive Z-Move.
More recently, the Mega Dimension DLC for Pokémon Legends: Z-A gave it two Mega Evolutions, X and Y, with their respective stones obtained through a side quest. Neither changes its type: both remain pure Electric. X focuses on physical Attack and can fly to reach targets up high; Y is the fast special version, designed to settle the battle in a few turns.
When to use the stone
The classic advice still holds: there's no hurry. Since the entire level-up movepool is concentrated at 1 and 5, evolving doesn't provide a single new move, and in games where relearning moves costs something, it's worth letting Pikachu learn whatever you want before spending the stone. What does change all at once are the numbers: the stat jump is enormous and noticeable from the very first battle afterwards.
Compared with Jolteon, the other Kanto Electric type that also evolves with a stone, it loses out in Speed and Special Attack, and gains flexibility: 90 and 90 in both attacking stats let it mix Thunder Punch and Iron Tail with Thunderbolt, something a pure special attacker can't do. It also keeps Surf in its TM list, which in practice is the only decent way it has to answer a Ground type without resorting to Dig.
As a team member in a serious tournament, it can't compete with almost any modern Electric type. As a Pokémon for a playthrough, it gets through half the adventure by settling battles before the opponent can make a move.