Vileplume in depth
The flower that smells of carrion
The Japanese name, ラフレシア, is “Rafflesia” written in katakana, with no pun layered on top. It is one of the few cases in the first generation where the original doesn't hide a joke: it is named after the plant, full stop. Rafflesia arnoldii is a leafless parasite with no visible stem or roots that lives inside a vine and only emerges when it opens a flower nearly a metre across. It smells of decaying meat to attract flies, which is where it gets the nickname “corpse flower”.
English came up with something else. Vileplume combines vile with plume, which can mean a feather as well as a cloud of something dispersed through the air—the cloud of pollen. Spanish inherited that name unchanged, like almost all of the first generation.
The ten points that came late
For five generations it had 100 Special Attack and a total of 480. The sixth raised those to 110 and 490, one of the quiet tweaks Game Freak used to rebalance Kanto veterans. Its role didn't change: it is still too slow to make full use of its attacking power, but it did improve what it can hit when switching in against an already weakened opponent.
In the first generation, the Oddish line was the only one that learned Petal Dance, and that detail shaped how the species is remembered: Erika, the Gym Leader of Celadon City, leads with a Vileplume that opens with the move. It also carries over the oddity of stone evolutions from that era, which in Red and Blue left Pokémon unable to learn anything new by level after evolving. These days the problem is solved in the opposite way: it has everything at level 1, and the Move Reminder takes care of the rest.
The stone that splits in two
The second generation opened up the other route. With a Sun Stone instead of a Leaf Stone, Gloom evolves into Bellossom, which loses the Poison typing and remains pure Grass. Both evolutions have the same total stats, but distribute them differently: here the emphasis is on Special Attack, while there it is on bulk. Choosing one or the other means choosing between four weaknesses with Poison as a bonus—which helps against Fairy types and makes it immune to poison—or fewer weak points in exchange for hitting less hard on the special side.
Within its own typing, it has a clear competitor. Amoonguss is the other Grass/Poison type with Effect Spore, with more HP and a more complete support game, and in doubles formats it has almost always come out on top. Vileplume's remaining advantage is Special Attack: it isn't just a body that gets in the way, but something that can hit back as well.
In a normal playthrough, the role is simpler. Sleep Powder, Leech Seed and Giga Drain are enough to get through half a game without taking a scratch, and 50 Speed matters little when the opponent is a trainer with two Rattata.